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VACUUM ›› 2026, Vol. 63 ›› Issue (4): 46-51.doi: 10.13385/j.cnki.vacuum.2026.04.07

• Vacuum Metallurgy and Thermal Engineering • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Analysis of the Gas-Water Pressure Balance Control System for Pressurized Electroslag Remelting Equipment

GAO Yuan, MU Xin, LI Runda, MA Hailing, HUANG Zhiqiang, LI Xinke, HOU Jingyue   

  1. Shenyang Vacuum Technology Institute Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110042, China
  • Received:2026-01-16 Published:2026-07-27

Abstract: High-nitrogen steels (HNS) exhibit exceptional strength-toughness combinations, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature stability, making them critically valuable for applications in aerospace, energy equipment, and high-end manufacturing sectors. Pressurized electroslag remelting (PESR) is currently the core industrial process for producing HNS. A key technical challenge in PESR lies in maintaining dynamic equilibrium between the cooling water pressure in the mold and the internal gas pressure within the furnace chamber during melting, thereby preventing mold deformation or even catastrophic failure caused by excessive pressure differentials. This paper systematically reviews the current methods for HNS production and the state-of-the-art development of PESR technology. It focuses on analyzing the technical requirements of the gas-water pressure balance system and compares two dominant design approaches: independent control and interlinked control. Furthermore, the paper discusses critical design considerations for piston-cylinder mechanisms, emphasizing that increasing the effective piston area, enhancing machining precision, and selecting wear- and corrosion-resistant materials are essential for achieving high sealing integrity and precise pressure control. The findings provide theoretical support and technical reference for the independent development of high-performance domestic PESR equipment.

Key words: pressurized electroslag remelting (PESR), high-nitrogen steel (HNS), gas-water pressure balance, pressure metallurgy, nitrogen alloying

CLC Number:  TF341.2

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