高压真空断路器灭弧室触头温度测算方法*

doi:10.13385/j.cnki.vacuum.2026.01.12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 触头温度过高会直接降低真空断路器分合闸速度和绝缘性能,继而导致其故障率增加。故针对真空环境下触头温升监测难的问题,本文提出了高压真空断路器灭弧室触头温度测算方法。利用红外测温仪监测当前的高压真空断路器灭弧室触头温度,并通过发射率和光纤布拉格光栅温度传感器监测的环境温度修正红外温度;建立触头动态温升数学模型,通过ANSYS Workbench仿真软件进行多物理场耦合求解获取触头温度分布及温升速率等结果。随着时间的增加,本研究方法的温度测算误差未出现明显增大的趋势,表明该方法在长时间温度测算过程中能够保持较高的稳定性和准确性。

关键词: 真空断路器, 真空灭弧室, 触头温升, 非接触测温

Abstract: Excessive contact temperature can directly affect the performance of vacuum circuit breakers, reducing their opening and closing speed and insulation performance, which in tum leads to an increase in the failure rate of vacuum circuit breakers. Therefore, in response to the difficulty of monitoring the temperature rise of contacts in vacuum environments, this study proposed a method for measuring the temperature of contacts in the arc extinguishing chamber for high-voltage vacuum circuit breakers. Firstly, we used an infrared thermometer to monitor the current contact temperature in the arc extinguishing chamber of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, and then corrected the infrared temperature based on the environmental temperature measured by emissivity and fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors. Then, we established a mathematical model for the dynamic temperature rise of the contact, and ANSYS Workbench simulation software was used to perform multiphysics field coupling solution to obtain simulation results, such as the contact temperature distribution and temperature rise rate. The results show that, with the increase of time, the temperature measurement error of the studied method does not show a significant increasing trend, indicating that the method can maintain high stability and accuracy in the long-term temperature measurement process.

Key words: vacuum circuit breaker, vacuum arc extinguishing chamber, contact temperature rise, non contact temperature measurement

中图分类号: TP16.08

成兰. 高压真空断路器灭弧室触头温度测算方法^*[J]. 真空, 2026, 63(1): 74-81.

CHENG Lan. Method for Measuring Contact Temperature of Arc Extinguishing Chamber of High-voltage Vacuum Circuit Breaker[J]. VACUUM, 2026, 63(1): 74-81.

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