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VACUUM ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (1): 1-9.doi: 10.13385/j.cnki.vacuum.2025.01.01

• Measurement and Control •     Next Articles

Development of the Thermal Cathode

LIU Yanwen1, SHANG Xinwen1, LU Yuxin2, TIAN Hong1, ZHAO Hengbang1, WANG Xiaoxia1   

  1. 1. Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100090, China;
    2. Tianjin Traffic Vocational Institute, Tianjin 300110, China
  • Received:2023-10-25 Online:2025-01-25 Published:2025-02-10

Abstract: Microwave vacuum electron devices are used in a wide variety of areas, such as radar, space technology and electron accelerators. The thermal cathode is one of the cores of the vacuum electron devices, its performances directly determine the reliability and lifetime of the electron devices. Therefore, a higher demand is put for thermal cathode. It is important to determine the temperature of the hot cathode accurately. The thermal electron emission performance of different cathodes is summarized and compared, including the comparison of the uniformity of hot electron emission between nano-particulated thin film cathode and traditional coated cathode, and the variation of ion current of evaporates from S-type cathode and M-type cathode (coated with iridium) and N-type cathode (coated with iridium nano-particulated thin films) with temperature and time. The temperature of the cathode surface and the cathode side (molybdenum tube) are tested by the infrared thermometer, optical pyrometer, and thermocouple thermometer (platinum and rhodium-platinum).

Key words: microwave vacuum electronics, thermal cathode, temperature, metal cathode, oxide cathode, impregnated cathode

CLC Number:  TN105.1

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