用于空间微波器件的高可靠阴极热子组件*

doi:10.13385/j.cnki.vacuum.2026.02.05

真空 ›› 2026, Vol. 63 ›› Issue (2): 35-39.doi: 10.13385/j.cnki.vacuum.2026.02.05

用于空间微波器件的高可靠阴极热子组件^*

刘燕文¹, 尚新文¹, 李昕昕², 田宏¹, 赵恒邦¹, 王小霞¹

1.中国科学院空天信息创新研究院北京 100190;
2.中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心,北京 100189

收稿日期:2025-07-09 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-03-27
作者简介:刘燕文（1964-）,男,天津人,博士。
基金资助:
^*国家重大项目（2009ZYHD0001）; 国家重点项目（2209WD0013-2）; 预研项目（31512050304）

High-reliability Cathode Heater Assemblies for Space Microwave Tube

LIU Yanwen¹, SHANG Xinwen¹, LI Xinuxin², TIAN Hong¹, ZHAO Hengbang¹, WANG xiaoxia¹

1. Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
2. Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100189, China

Received:2025-07-09 Online:2026-03-25 Published:2026-03-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对空间微波器件阴极热子组件的可靠性进行了加速寿命试验。实验表明热子寿命与施加电压极性强相关,当热子接电源负电压,阴极接正电压时,热子组件的寿命远高于反向接电方式。进一步实验表明,热子短路和断路的原因主要是浸渍发射材料扩散进入了热子组件绝缘层。为此,在阴极基底与热子组件之间加一隔板隔开,既避免了热子的短路,又延长了阴极的寿命。为提高阴极的热效率和耐冲击性能,采用钼钌合金焊料将阴极饼与支撑筒焊接在一起的方法。

关键词: 空间微波管, 热子组件, 绝缘层, 寿命

Abstract: Accelerated life tests were conducted on the reliability of the M-type cathode assembly for applications in space microwave tube. The experiment results showed that the reliability of the thermocouple strongly depends on the polarity of the electrode. When the filament is connected to a negative voltage of the power supply and the cathode is connected to a positive voltage, the life of the heater assembly is much longer than that of the reverse connection one. Further experiments show that the main cause of heaterl short circuit is due to the diffusion of impregnated emission material into the insulation layer of the heater assembly. To this end, a partition is added between the cathode substrate and the heater assembly to prevent short circuits in the thermoelectric components and extend the lifespan of the cathode. In order to improve the thermal efficiency and impact resistance of the cathode, molybdenum ruthenium alloy solder is used to weld the cathode cake and the support cylinder together.

Key words: space microwave tube, heater assembly, insulation layer, life

中图分类号: TN105

刘燕文, 尚新文, 李昕昕, 田宏, 赵恒邦, 王小霞. 用于空间微波器件的高可靠阴极热子组件^*[J]. 真空, 2026, 63(2): 35-39.

LIU Yanwen, SHANG Xinwen, LI Xinuxin, TIAN Hong, ZHAO Hengbang, WANG xiaoxia. High-reliability Cathode Heater Assemblies for Space Microwave Tube[J]. VACUUM, 2026, 63(2): 35-39.

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用于空间微波器件的高可靠阴极热子组件^*

High-reliability Cathode Heater Assemblies for Space Microwave Tube

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