真空 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (6): 1-9.doi: 10.13385/j.cnki.vacuum.2022.06.01
• 真空冶金与热工 • 下一篇
宋青竹1, 鄂东梅1, 王玲玲2, 乔忠路3, 张哲魁1, 孙足来1
SONG Qing-zhu1, E Dong-mei1, WANG Ling-ling2, QIAO Zhong-lu3, ZHANG Zhe-kui1, SUN Zu-lai1
摘要: 综述了真空电弧炉和真空凝壳炉的工作原理和国内外发展现状。介绍了真空电弧重熔(VAR)工艺控制技术发展情况,并指出电弧检测与调控对大型真空凝壳炉安全运行的重要意义。虽然,熔速控制实现了熔池糊状轮廓的稳定。但是,电弧运动改变了熔池的热量分布。基于熔速控制的电弧分布状态优化,是制造高品质铸锭的基础和工艺装备的发展方向。根据电弧运动特性,将电弧分布模型划为四类:集中、扩散、偏心和旋转。其中,扩散电弧分布模型对改善熔池轮廓和提升铸锭品质的作用明显。将VAR控制技术分为电弧分布、熔池特性和凝固过程三个组成部分。针对电弧的电磁特性,利用磁场对电弧分布进行检测和调控,将为VAR工艺带来新的技术革新。配有霍尔效应磁场传感器阵列和亥姆霍兹线圈的控制系统已应用在工业生产装备中,验证了控制系统对电弧检测与调控的有效性。
中图分类号:
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