纳米SiO2气凝胶复合芯材真空绝热板制备与性能研究*

doi:10.13385/j.cnki.vacuum.2025.01.08

真空 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (1): 49-56.doi: 10.13385/j.cnki.vacuum.2025.01.08

纳米SiO₂气凝胶复合芯材真空绝热板制备与性能研究^*

刘卫东¹, 靳海², 詹衡², 苗济蘩¹, 陈舟¹

1.南京工业大学机械与动力工程学院,江苏南京 211816;
2.山西金驹煤电化有限责任公司,山西晋城 048000

收稿日期:2024-05-29 出版日期:2025-01-25 发布日期:2025-02-10
通讯作者: 陈舟,副教授。
作者简介:刘卫东（1996-）,男,安徽省阜阳市人,硕士研究生。
基金资助:
* 安徽省重点研发计划（2022a05020064）

Preparation and Performance Studies of Nano-SiO₂ Aerogel Composite Core Vacuum Insulating Panels

LIU Weidong¹, JIN Hai², ZHAN Heng², MIAO Jifan¹, CHEN Zhou¹

1. School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China;
2. Shanxi Jinju Coal Electrochemical Co., Ltd., Jincheng 048000, China

Received:2024-05-29 Online:2025-01-25 Published:2025-02-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以SiO₂气凝胶和玻璃纤维短切丝为主要原料,分别采用湿法和干法成型技术制备了SiO₂气凝胶基复合芯材,然后采用真空封装技术得到纳米SiO₂气凝胶复合芯材真空绝热板（VIP）。研究了不同含量（质量分数）SiO₂气凝胶复合芯材的微观结构,对比分析了两种工艺对VIP在热物理性能上的差异。结果表明：SiO₂气凝胶的加入使短切丝纤维芯材的三维网状结构变得紧凑,但气凝胶含量过高会导致气凝胶与纤维结合性变差;随着SiO₂气凝胶含量的增加,复合芯材的密度下降,真空绝热板的压缩率和回弹率也呈下降趋势;湿法工艺制备的复合芯材,气凝胶质量分数为35%时均匀性稍差,干法工艺制备的复合芯材厚度变化均≤0.04 mm,均匀性较好;湿法工艺制备的复合芯材VIP导热系数随SiO₂气凝胶含量增加而显著上升,而干法工艺下VIP导热系数增幅相对较小,导热系数更为稳定。

关键词: SiO₂气凝胶, 真空绝热板, 导热系数, 物理性能

Abstract: The SiO₂ aerogels based composite core materials were prepared by wet and dry molding techniques using SiO₂ aerogels and glass fiber short cutting as the main raw materials, and then the nano SiO₂ aerogels composite core vacuum insulation panels (VIP) were obtained by vacuum packaging technology. The microstructure of composite core materials with different SiO₂ aerogels contents (mass fraction) was studied, and the differences of the two processes on the thermophysical properties of VIP were compared and analyzed. The results show that the addition of SiO₂ aerogel makes the three-dimensional network structure of the short-cut fiber core become compact, but the high content of aerogel will lead to poor adhesion between the aerogel and the fiber. With the increase of SiO₂aerogel content, the density of composite core material decreases, and the compression rate and rebound rate of vacuum insulation panel also decrease. The homogeneity of composite core material prepared by wet process is slightly poor when the aerogel mass fraction is 35%, while the thickness of composite core material prepared by dry process is less than 0.04 mm, and the homogeneity is better. The thermal conductivity of the composite core VIP prepared by the wet process increases significantly with the increase of SiO₂ aerogel content, while the VIP thermal conductivity increases relatively small under the dry process, and the thermal conductivity is more stable.

Key words: SiO₂ aerogel, vacuum insulation panel, thermal conductivity, physical property

中图分类号: TB79

刘卫东, 靳海, 詹衡, 苗济蘩, 陈舟. 纳米SiO₂气凝胶复合芯材真空绝热板制备与性能研究^*[J]. 真空, 2025, 62(1): 49-56.

LIU Weidong, JIN Hai, ZHAN Heng, MIAO Jifan, CHEN Zhou. Preparation and Performance Studies of Nano-SiO₂ Aerogel Composite Core Vacuum Insulating Panels[J]. VACUUM, 2025, 62(1): 49-56.

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纳米SiO₂气凝胶复合芯材真空绝热板制备与性能研究^*

Preparation and Performance Studies of Nano-SiO₂ Aerogel Composite Core Vacuum Insulating Panels

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