G-M制冷机用小型风冷式氦气压缩机研制*

doi:10.13385/j.cnki.vacuum.2025.05.10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： G-M制冷机使用氦气作为其核心制冷工质,通过西蒙膨胀实现绝热放气制冷效应,广泛应用于超导磁体冷却、氦气液化、低温泵以及低温恒温器等装置中。氦气压缩机作为GM制冷机系统重要的组成部分,为GM制冷机系统中的氦气循环提供动力。该压缩机通过压缩氦气,确保其以高压且纯净的状态在系统中流动,满足GM制冷机对循环工质的需求。依据冷却方式的差异,氦气压缩机分为水冷式与风冷式两类,本文主要介绍了风冷式氦气压缩机的设计需求与方法,并完成了整机的性能测试,验证了设计的合理性和有效性。

关键词: 制冷机, 氦气压缩机, 翅片管换热器, 风冷

Abstract: G-M refrigerators use helium as the refrigeration working medium, and adiabatic degassing refrigeration is carried out by Simon expansion, which is widely used in superconducting magnet cooling, helium liquefaction, cryogenic pumps and cryostats. As an important part of the GM refrigerator system, the helium compressor provides power for the helium circulation in the GM refrigerator system. The compressor compresses helium to ensure that it flows through the system in a high pressure and pure state, meeting the needs of GM chillers for circulating working medium. According to the differences in cooling methods, helium compressors are divided into water-cooled and air-cooled types. This paper mainly introduces the design requirements and methods of air-cooled helium compressors, and completes the performance test of the whole machine to verify the rationality and effectiveness of the design.

Key words: refrigerator, helium compressor, finned tube heat exchanger, air cooling

中图分类号: TB6

程祥, 王浩, 冯欣宇, 邓家良, 武义锋. G-M制冷机用小型风冷式氦气压缩机研制^*[J]. 真空, 2025, 62(5): 63-69.

CHENG Xiang, WANG Hao, FENG Xinyu, DENG Jialiang, WU Yifeng. Development of Air Cooled Helium Compressor for G-M Refrigerator[J]. VACUUM, 2025, 62(5): 63-69.

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