钕铁硼永磁材料腐蚀机理及防护研究进展*

doi:10.13385/j.cnki.vacuum.2020.05.10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 钕铁硼作为第三代稀土永磁材料,在世界磁性材料领域占据着举足轻重的地位,在国防、航空航天、信息通讯、汽车、能源、节能环保、医疗器械等领域具有广泛应用,但钕铁硼永磁材料易被腐蚀的特点限制了其应用的进一步拓展。本文论述了钕铁硼永磁材料的物相组成、腐蚀过程和腐蚀产物,阐述了钕铁硼永磁材料高温氧化、湿热吸氢和电化学腐蚀等腐蚀特性。本文还从提升自身耐腐蚀性和表面涂层防护两方面总结了钕铁硼永磁材料腐蚀防护技术,重点阐述了电镀、化学镀、有机物涂层及物理气相沉积等技术的基本原理、研究进展和发展方向。钕铁硼腐蚀防护技术的研究是推动钕铁硼永磁材料应用领域扩展的关键。

关键词: 钕铁硼, 腐蚀机理, 防护技术, 真空镀膜

Abstract: As the third generation of rare earth permanent magnet material, NdFeB occupies a pivotal position in the magnetic materials field. NdFeB is widely used in fields such as national defense, aerospace, information communications, automobiles, energy, energy conservation, environmental protection and medical equipment. However, the low resistance of NdFeB to corrosion limits its application to further expand. The phase composition, corrosion process and corrosion products of NdFeB are reviewed in this study. The corrosion characteristics of NdFeB such as high temperature oxidation, wet heat hydrogen absorption and electrochemical corrosion were described. The corrosion protection technology of NdFeB is discussed from the aspects of corrosion resistance improving and surface coating protection, focusing on the basic principles, research progress and development direction of electroplating, electroless plating, organic coating and physical vapor deposition. The research of NdFeB corrosion protection technology is the key to promote the application of NdFeB permanent magnets.

Key words: NdFeB, corrosion mechanism, protection technology, vacuum coating

中图分类号:

TM273

邓文宇, 王朋阳, 齐丽君, 段永利, 孙宝玉, 万亿, 张昕洁, 谢元华，杜广煜，刘坤. 钕铁硼永磁材料腐蚀机理及防护研究进展^*[J]. 真空, 2020, 57(5): 45-51.

DENG Wen-yu, WANG Peng-yang, QI Li-jun, DUAN Yong-li, SUN Bao-yu, WAN Yi, ZHANG Xin-jie, XIE Yuan-hua, DU Guang-yu, LIU Kun. Research Progress on Corrosion Mechanism, Protection of NdFeB Permanent Magnet Materials[J]. VACUUM, 2020, 57(5): 45-51.

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