1×109 n/s紧凑型ECR氘氘中子源研制及运行研究*

doi:10.13385/j.cnki.vacuum.2026.05.08

真空 ›› 2026, Vol. 63 ›› Issue (5): 55-61.doi: 10.13385/j.cnki.vacuum.2026.05.08

1×10⁹ n/s紧凑型ECR氘氘中子源研制及运行研究^*

李旭¹, 孟献才¹, 刘志鹏², 杨龙², 张德皓¹, 闫振¹, 梁立振^1,3

1.合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院（安徽省能源实验室）,合肥 230031;
2.安徽理工大学机电工程学院,安徽淮南,232001;
3.中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院等离子体物理研究所,合肥 230031

收稿日期:2026-01-12 出版日期:2026-09-25 发布日期:2026-09-28
通讯作者: 孟献才,研究员。
作者简介:李旭（1998-）,男,陕西咸阳人,硕士,工程师。
基金资助:
*合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院（安徽省能源实验室）项目（25KZS209、21KZS202）

Development and Operational Research of a Compact DD Neutron Source Based on ECR with 1×10⁹ n/s Yield

LI Xu¹, MENG Xiancai¹, LIU Zhipeng², YANG Long², ZHANG Dehao¹, YAN Zhen¹, LIANG Lizhen^1,3

1. Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center (Anhui Energy Laboratory), Hefei 230031, China;
2. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China;
3. Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China

Received:2026-01-12 Online:2026-09-25 Published:2026-09-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 加速器中子源在工业检测、安全筛查及基础研究中具有重要应用价值,但现有小型氘氘（DD）中子源面临高压打火风险高和长期稳定性差的重大挑战。本研究旨在研制一款小型化且能稳定运行的高性能DD中子源,装置核心基于全永磁微波离子源、双电极引出和钛片水冷靶设计,系统尺寸为长50 cm×宽28 cm×高28 cm。通过采用三磁铁结构设计,在等离子体腔室内能够形成均匀的87.5 mT磁场,可实现40 W低功率点亮等离子体;通过优化引出电极结构,增加电极之间耐压性能,有效抑制高压打火;通过靶的水冷结构建模与优化,显著提升了其散热能力,在保证产额稳定的同时,大大延长靶的使用寿命。优化后,系统在95 kV加速电压和12 mA束流条件下,成功进行了长达66 h,产额1×10⁹ n/s的连续运行测试。实现整机保持高效零打火,充分验证了系统的长期运行可靠性。

关键词: 微波离子源, 中子源, 氘氘反应, 双电极引出, 高压绝缘

Abstract: Accelerator-based neutron sources hold significant application value in industrial non-destructive testing, security screening, and fundamental research. However, the existing compact deuterium-deuterium (DD) neutron sources face major challenges, including a high risk of high-voltage arcing and poor long-term stability. This study aims to develop a compact, high-performance DD neutron source capable of stable operation. The core design of the device features an all-permanent-magnet microwave ion source, a dual-electrode extraction system, and a water-cooled titanium target structure. The overall system dimensions are 50 cm long ×28 cm wide ×28 cm high. Through the implementation of a three-magnet structure design, a uniform magnetic field of 87.5 mT is achieved within the plasma chamber, enabling plasma ignition at a low microwave power of 40 W. Optimization of the extraction electrode geometry enhances the voltage withstand capability between electrodes, effectively suppressing high-voltage arcing. Additionally, modeling and optimization of the target's water-cooling structure significantly improve its heat dissipation capacity. This ensures stable neutron yield while substantially extending the target's operational lifespan. Following these optimizations, the system successfully underwent a continuous 66-hour stability test with a neutron yield of 1×10⁹ n/s, sustained at an acceleration voltage of 95 kV and a beam current of 12 mA. Zero arcing incidents were observed throughout operation, fully validating the system's long-term reliability.

Key words: microwave ion source, neutron source, deuterium-deuterium reaction, dual-electrode extraction, high voltage insulation

中图分类号: TL58

李旭, 孟献才, 刘志鹏, 杨龙, 张德皓, 闫振, 梁立振. 1×10⁹ n/s紧凑型ECR氘氘中子源研制及运行研究^*[J]. 真空, 2026, 63(5): 55-61.

LI Xu, MENG Xiancai, LIU Zhipeng, YANG Long, ZHANG Dehao, YAN Zhen, LIANG Lizhen. Development and Operational Research of a Compact DD Neutron Source Based on ECR with 1×10⁹ n/s Yield[J]. VACUUM, 2026, 63(5): 55-61.

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1×10⁹ n/s紧凑型ECR氘氘中子源研制及运行研究^*

Development and Operational Research of a Compact DD Neutron Source Based on ECR with 1×10⁹ n/s Yield

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