储能式纤维增强真空绝热复合材料制备及其性能研究

doi:10.13385/j.cnki.vacuum.2026.04.11

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以玻璃纤维与不同含量、成分的相变微胶囊为原料,采用湿法成型工艺,制备了储能式纤维增强真空绝热板（VIP）复合芯材。随着相变粉末含量由0%增至45%,导热系数受固相传热影响从2.61 mW/（m·K）升至4.84 mW/（m·K）,其中含37℃相变材料的芯材综合性能最优（2.84 mW/（m·K））。通过将单层芯材厚度从2 mm减薄至0.8 mm,导热系数可显著降至2.22 mW/（m·K）。真空度对性能影响显著,内压低于100 Pa时性能稳定,反之导热系数急剧上升。尽管相变材料的引入使初始内压略有升高,但有效抑制了静置期间的内压增长,提升了板材的长期服役稳定性。该储能式纤维增强VIP在保持优异隔热性能的同时,赋予芯材蓄热调温功能,在节能降耗领域展现出重要的应用价值。

关键词: 真空绝热板, 玻璃纤维, 相变材料, 芯材, 热性能

Abstract: Using glass fibers and phase change microcapsules with different ratios and ingredients as raw materials, energy storage fiber-reinforced vacuum insulation panel (VIP) composite core materials were prepared via a wet forming process. As the content of phase change powder increased from 0% to 45%, the thermal conductivity, affected by solid-state heat conduction, rose from 2.61 mW/(m·K) to 4.84 mW/(m·K). Among these, the core material containing 37℃ phase change material demonstrated the best comprehensive performance (2.84 mW/(m·K)). By reducing the thickness of the single-layer core material from 2 mm to 0.8 mm, the thermal conductivity was significantly reduced to 2.22 mW/(m·K). Vacuum degree had a significant impact on performance. The performance was stable when the internal pressure was lower than 100 Pa and a sharp rise in thermal conductivity otherwise. Although the introduction of phase change materials slightly increased the initial internal pressure, it effectively suppressed the increase in internal pressure during the static period, improving the long-term service stability of the board. This energy storage fiber-reinforced VIP, while maintaining excellent thermal insulation performance, endowed the core material with heat storage and temperature regulation functions, demonstrating significant application value in the field of energy conservation and consumption reduction.

Key words: vacuum insulation panel, glass fiber, phase change material, core material, thermal performance

中图分类号: TB79

靳海, 申一鸣, 詹衡, 王泽鹏, 张素辉, 陆春华, 陈舟. 储能式纤维增强真空绝热复合材料制备及其性能研究[J]. 真空, 2026, 63(4): 72-80.

JIN Hai, SHEN Yiming, ZHAN Heng, WANG Zepeng, ZHANG Suhui, LU Chunhua, CHEN Zhou. Preparation and Performance Research of Energy Storage Fiber-Reinforced Vacuum Insulation Composite Materials[J]. VACUUM, 2026, 63(4): 72-80.

参考文献

[1] Kumar D, Alam M, Zou P X W, et al. Comparative analysis of building insulation material properties and performance[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2020, 131:110038.
[2] Maione T E, Gray G S, Petro J, et al.Inhibition of angiogenesis by recombinant human platelet factor-4 and related peptides[J]. Science, 1990, 247(4938):77-79.
[3] 梁玉莹, 吴会军, 杨建明, 等. 气凝胶复合材料真空绝热板的热导率计算及优化[J].材料导报,2018,32(12):2112-2117.
[4] Zhu Xiaowei, Yang Libo, Jiang Qi, et al.Preparation and performance evaluation of low-cost and high-performance scrap SiO₂ aerogel insulation mortar (SAIM)[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2025,490:142559.
[5] Simões N, Gonçalves M, Serra C, et al.Can vacuum insulation panels be cost-effective when applied in building façades?[J]. Building and Environment, 2021, 191:107602.
[6] Chen Zhou, Chen Zhaofeng, Yang Zhaogang, et al.Preparation and characterization of vacuum insulation panels with super-stratified glass fiber core material[J]. Energy, 2015, 93:945-954.
[7] De Masi R F, Ruggiero S, Vanoli G P. Multi-layered wall with vacuum insulation panels:results of 5-years in-field monitoring and numerical analysis of aging effect on building consumptions[J]. Applied Energy, 2020, 278:115605.
[8] Yu Qianhua, Chen Zhaofeng, Yang Lixia, et al.Preparation and characterisation of glass fibre-fumed silica composite core material VIP[J]. Physics and Chemistry of Glasses-European Journal of Glass Science and Technology Part B, 2022,63(3):86-94.
[9] Xue Jieyu, Liu Liping, Meng Yuanlong, et al.Constructing powerful interface between glass fiber and silica aerogel via an interfacial molecular bridge allows for excellent acoustic-thermal insulation composites[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2025, 465:140260.
[10] Božiček D, Peterková J, Zach J, et al.Vacuum insulation panels:An overview of research literature with an emphasis on environmental and economic studies for building applications[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2024, 189:113849.
[11] Verma S, Singh H.Vacuum insulation panels for refrigerators[J].International Journal of Refrigeration, 2020,112:215-228.
[12] 闫雯,董旭,张志诚,等.竹纤维-隔热颗粒复合芯材真空绝热板的制备[J]. Journal of Forest and Environment, 2022,42(2):208-216.
[13] Wen Ruilong, Zhang Xiaoguang, Huang Yaoting, et al.Preparation and properties of fatty acid eutectics/expanded perlite and expanded vermiculite shape-stabilized materials for thermal energy storage in buildings[J]. Energy and Buildings, 2017,139:197-204.
[14] 梅阳, 张瑞, 刘鹏. 膨胀珍珠岩/SiO₂气凝胶复合保温材料制备研究[J]. 新型建筑材料, 2017, 44(1):128-130.
[15] 张浩天, 靳海, 于小雪, 等. 杨木纤维复合芯材真空绝热板的制备与表征[J]. 真空, 2026, 63(2):47-54.
[16] Zhao Weigang, Yan Wen, Zhang Zhicheng, et al.Development and performance evaluation of wood-pulp/glass fibre hybrid composites as core materials for vacuum insulation panels[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2022, 357:131957.
[17] Blond K, O'Brien T, Thompson N, et al. Comparative vacuum monitoring solutions to advance U.S. Air Force KC-46A condition-based maintenance plus[J]. Aerospace, 2023, 10:587.
[18] 刘卫东, 靳海, 詹衡, 等. 纳米SiO₂气凝胶复合芯材真空绝热板制备与性能研究[J]. 真空, 2025, 62(1):49-56.
[19] 李壮贤,刘婷,翟传伟.二氧化硅复合纤维毡真空绝热板的制备技术研究[J].江西建材,2022,(09):21-22,25.
[20] Yang Jianming, Zhuang Haojie, Liang Yuying, et al.A novel vacuum-photovoltaic glazing integrated thermoelectric cooler/warmer for environmental adaptation:thermal performance modelling[J]. Renewable Energy, 2024, 229:120733.
[21] Xu Lin, Jiang Yonggang, Feng Junzong, et al.Infrared-opacified Al₂O₃-SiO₂ aerogel composites reinforced by SiC-coated mullite fibers for thermal insulations[J]. Ceramics International, 2015,41(1):437-442.
[22] Wang Juan, Pei Zhibin, Zhou Ningning.Rational design of nanostructured porous and advanced getter materials for vacuum insulation panels[J]. Nanomaterials,2025,15(7):532.
[23] 潘昱丞, 费华, 贺倩, 等. 脂肪酸复合相变材料的微观结构及其热稳定性研究进展[J]. 化工新型材料, 2023, 51(6):18-23.
[24] 徐笑锋, 章学来, 李玉洋, 等. 十水硫酸钠相变蓄冷保温箱保冷特性的试验研究[J].农业工程学报, 2017, 33(22):308-314.
[25] Chen Zhou, Miao Jifan, Chen Hui, et al.All-in-one design and fabrication of vacuum insulation panels for ultra-efficient pipeline thermal management[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2025, 273:126501.
[26] Xu Xiaofeng, Zhang Xuelai, Liu Sheng.Experimental study on cold storage box with nanocomposite phase change material and vacuum insulation panel[J]. International Journal of Energy Research, 2018, 42(14):4638-4649.
[27] Zhang Hao, Cao Shengda, Zhang Haixia, et al.Synergy of high-efficiency passive protective nanocomposite materials and active liquid cooling for suppressing thermal diffusion in lithium-ion power batteries[J]. Applications in Energy and Combustion Science, 2025, 24:100433.
[28] Zhao Ruohan, Xue Jieyu, Huang Weizhen, et al.Glass fiber-based phenolic aerogel confined by honeycomb structure for excellent noise reduction[J]. Composites Communications, 2025, 60:102647.
[29] Kan Ankang, Zhang Xuexiang, Chen Zhaofeng, et al.Effective thermal conductivity of vacuum insulation panels prepared with recyclable fibrous cotton core[J]. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2023, 187:108176.
[30] Ibadov N, Akgün F M, Üncü I S, et al.Real-time service life estimation of vacuum insulated panels via embedded sensing and machine learning models[J]. Buildings, 2025,15(16):2879.
[31] 阚安康, 吴亦农, 徐志峰, 等. 基于Lattice-Boltzmann 方法的多孔介质真空绝热特性[J]. 南京航空航天大学学报, 2017,49(1):17-23.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed