增韧抗冻水凝胶柔性应变传感器研究进展*

doi:10.13385/j.cnki.vacuum.2023.01.01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 水凝胶作为一种结构与生物组织类似的柔性材料,被广泛地应用在柔性传感器等领域。但其内部含水量较大导致力学性能较差,且在低温环境下易结冰失效。本文从增韧机理、抗冻方法以及疲劳特性等方面对增韧抗冻水凝胶进行了综述。首先,对不同增韧机理水凝胶的力学性能以及内部结构进行了对比;其次,讨论了低温环境下水凝胶的抗冻方法;最后,总结了水凝胶在长时间静态或循环加载情况下的疲劳损伤特性。未来应致力于增加水凝胶的保水抗冻性能,深入研究水凝胶疲劳失效机理,以期为耐低温、抗疲劳水凝胶传感器的应用提供理论基础。

关键词: 水凝胶, 增韧机理, 抗冻方法, 疲劳特性

Abstract: As a flexible material with similar structure to biological tissue, hydrogel has been widely used in flexible sensors and other fields. However, the mechanical properties of hydrogel are poor because of its high water content, and the hydrogel is easy to freeze and fail under low temperature environment. This paper reviews recent studies of hydrogel from the aspects of toughening mechanism, antifreeze method, and fatigue characteristics. Firstly, the mechanical properties and internal structures between different toughening hydrogels are compared. Secondly, the antifreeze method of hydrogel under low temperature is discussed. Finally, the fatigue damage characteristics of hydrogel in long-term static or cycle mechanical loading are summarized. In the future, it should be committed to increase the water-freeze resistance of hydrogel, and further study the hydrogel fatigue failure mechanism, which may provide theoretical basis for the application of low temperature and fatigue resistant hydrogel sensors.

Key words: hydrogel, toughening mechanism, antifreeze method, fatigue property

中图分类号:

TB43

贺文壮, 李建昌. 增韧抗冻水凝胶柔性应变传感器研究进展^*[J]. 真空, 2023, 60(1): 1-12.

HE Wen-zhuang, LI Jian-chang. Latest Studies on Toughened Anti-freeze Hydrogel Flexible Strain Sensor[J]. VACUUM, 2023, 60(1): 1-12.

参考文献

[1] MA C X, LE X X, TANG X L, et al.A multiresponsive anisotropic hydrogel with macroscopic 3D complex deformations[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2016, 26(47): 8670-8676.
[2] 朱亚萍. 具有双网络结构的导电水凝胶柔性传感器[D]. 山西: 太原理工大学, 2021.
[3] 孙靖先. 离子凝胶基柔性应变传感器研究[D]. 北京: 北京化工大学, 2020.
[4] DAI X Y, ZHANG Y Y, GAO L, et al.A mechanically strong, highly stable, thermoplastic, and self-healable supramolecular polymer hydrogel[J]. Advanced Materials, 2015, 27(23): 3566-3571.
[5] YAO C, LIU Z, YANG C, et al.Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)- Clay nanocomposite hydrogels with responsive bending property as temperature-controlled manipulators[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2015, 25(20): 2980-2991.
[6] GONG J P, KATSUYAMA Y, KUROKAWA T, et al.Double-network hydrogels with extremely high mechanical strength[J]. Advanced Materials, 2003, 15(14): 1155-1158.
[7] HARAGUCHI K, TAKEHISA T.Nanocopsite hydrogels: a unique organic inorganic network structure with extraordinary mechanical, optical, and swelling/de-swelling properties[J]. Advanced Materials, 2002, 14(16): 1121-1124.
[8] JIANG G, LIU C, LIU X, et al.Construction and properties of hydrophobic association hydrogels with high mechanical strength and reforming capability[J]. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 2009, 294(12): 815-820.
[9] KANAI T, AOHKOSHI S I, NAKAJIMA A, et al.A ferroelectric ferromagnet composed of(PLZT)x(BiFeO₃)_1-X solid solution[J]. Advanced Materials, 2001, 13(7): 485-487.
[10] HUANG T, XU H G, JIAO K X, et al.A novel hydrogel with high mechanical strength: a macromolecular microsphere composite hydrogel[J]. Advanced Materials, 2007, 19(12): 1622-1626.
[11] SAKAI T, MATSUNAGA T, YAMAMOTO Y J, et al.Design and fabrication of a high-strength hydrogel with ideally homogeneous network structure from tetrahedron-like macromonomers[J]. Macromolecules, 2008, 41(14): 5379-5384.
[12] YIN H, AKASAKI T, TAO L S, et al.Double network hydrogels from polyzwitterions: high mechanical strength and excellent anti-biofouling properties[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry B, 2013, 1(30): 3685-3693.
[13] ZHOU L, PEI X, FANG K, et al.Super tough, ultra-stretchable, and fast recoverable double network hydrogels physically crosslinked by triple non-covalent interactions[J]. Polymer, 2020, 192: 122319.
[14] RODELL C B, DUSAJ N N, HIGHLEY C B, et al.Injectable and cytocompatible tough double-network hydrogels through tandem supramolecular and covalent crosslinking[J]. Advanced Materials, 2016, 28(38): 8419-8424.
[15] LI X, WANG H, LI D, et al.Dual ionically cross-linked double-network hydrogels with high strength, toughness, swelling resistance, and improved 3D printing processability[J]. ACS Applied Materials Interfaces, 2018, 10(37): 31198-31207.
[16] BI S, WANG P, HU S, et al.Construction of physical- crosslink chitosan/PVA double-network hydrogel with surface mineralization for bone repair[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2019, 224: 115176.
[17] ZHAO X, LIANG J, SHAN G, et al.High strength of hybrid double-network hydrogels imparted by inter-network ionic bonds[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry B, 2019, 7(2): 324-333.
[18] XU J, LIU X, REN X, et al.The role of chemical and physical crosslinking in different deformation stages of hybrid hydrogels[J]. European Polymer Journal, 2018, 100: 86-95.
[19] CHOI S, CHOI Y, KIM J.Anisotropic hybrid hydrogels with superior mechanical properties reminiscent of tendons or ligaments[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2019, 29(38): 1904342.
[20] LIU S, ODERINDE O, HUSSAIN I, et al.Dual ionic cross-linked double network hydrogel with self-healing, conductive, and force sensitive properties[J]. Polymer, 2018, 144: 111-120.
[21] XIA S, SONG S, GAO G.Robust and flexible strain sensors based on dual physically cross-linked double network hydrogels for monitoring human-motion[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2018, 354: 817-824.
[22] LIU R, LIANG S, TANG X Z, et al.Tough and highly stretchable graphene oxide/polyacrylamide nanocomposite hydrogels[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2012, 22: 14160-14167.
[23] WU G, PANAHI-ARMAD M, XIAO X, et al.Fabrication of capacitive pressure sensor with extraordinary sensitivity and wide sensing range using PAM/BIS/GO nanocomposite hydrogel and conductive fabric[J]. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2021, 145: 106373.
[24] JING Q, LAW J Y, TAN L P, et al.Preparation, characterization and properties of polycaprolactone diol-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube/ thermoplastic polyurethane composite[J]. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2015, 70: 8-15.
[25] QIN Z, SUN X, YU Q, et al.Carbon nanotubes/ hydrophobically associated hydrogels as ultrastretchable, highly sensitive, stable strain, and pressure sensors[J]. ACS Applied Mater Interfaces, 2020, 12(4): 4944-4953.
[26] YANG J, ZHAO J J, XU F, et al.Revealing strong nanocomposite hydrogels reinforced by cellulose nanocrystals: insight into morphologies and interactions[J]. ACS Applied Mater Interfaces, 2013, 5(24): 12960-12967.
[27] PEI Z, YU Z, LI M, et al.Self-healing and toughness cellulose nanocrystals nanocomposite hydrogels for strain-sensitive wearable flexible sensor[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2021, 179: 324-332.
[28] WANG T, ZHENG S, SUN W, et al.Notch insensitive and self-healing PNIPAm-PAM-clay nanocomposite hydrogels[J]. Soft Matter, 2014, 10(19): 3506-3512.
[29] CHEN L, WU Q, ZHANG J, et al.Anisotropic thermoresponsive hydrogels by mechanical force orientation of clay nanosheets[J]. Polymer, 2020, 192: 122309.
[30] CHEN J, XU X, LIU M, et al.Topological cyclodextrin nanoparticles as crosslinkers for self-healing tough hydrogels as strain sensors[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2021, 264: 117978.
[31] WANG S, XIANG J, SUN Y, et al.Skin-inspired nanofibrillated cellulose-reinforced hydrogels with high mechanical strength, long-term antibacterial, and self-recovery ability for wearable strain/pressure sensors[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2021, 261: 117894.
[32] WU X, LIAO H, MA D, et al.A wearable, self-adhesive, long-lastingly moist and healable epidermal sensor assembled from conductive MXene nanocomposites[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 2020, 8(5): 1788-1795.
[33] LI X, HE L, LI Y, et al.Healable, degradable, and conductive MXene nanocomposite hydrogel for multifunctional epidermal sensors[J]. ACS Nano, 2021, 15(4): 7765-7773.
[34] WANG Q, PAN X, WANG X, et al.Spider web-inspired ultra-stable 3D Ti₃C₂T_X(MXene) hydrogels constructed by temporary ultrasonic alignment and permanent in-situ self-assembly fixation[J]. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2020, 197: 108187.
[35] SU G, YIN S, GUO Y, et al.Balancing the mechanical, electronic, and self-healing properties in conductive self-healing hydrogel for wearable sensor applications[J]. Materials Horizons, 2021, 8(6): 1795-1804.
[36] ZHANG H, WU X, QIN Z, et al.Dual physically cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose-based hydrogel with high stretchability and toughness as sensitive strain sensors[J]. Cellulose, 2020, 27(17): 9975-9989.
[37] LI Y, LIU C, LV X, et al.A highly sensitive strain sensor based on a silica@polyaniline core-shell particle reinforced hydrogel with excellent flexibility, stretchability, toughness and conductivity[J]. Soft Matter, 2021, 17(8): 2142-2150.
[38] ZHANG G, CHEN S, PENG Z, et al.Topologically enhanced dual-network hydrogels with rapid recovery for low-hysteresis, self-adhesive epidemic electronics[J]. ACS Applied Materials Interfaces, 2021, 13(10): 12531-12540.
[39] DASCHAKRABORTY S.How do glycerol and dimethyl sulphoxide affect local tetrahedral structure of water around a nonpolar solute at low temperature? Importance of preferential interaction[J]. Journal Chemical Physics, 2018, 148(13): 134501.
[40] MORELLE X P, ILLEPERUMA W R, TIAN K, et al.Highly stretchable and tough hydrogels below water freezing temperature[J]. Advanced Materials, 2018, 30(35): 1801541.
[41] CAO Z, LIU H, JIANG L.Transparent, mechanically robust, and ultrastable ionogels enabled by hydrogen bonding between elastomers and ionic liquids[J]. Materials Horizons, 2020, 7(3): 912-918.
[42] SUI X, GUO H, CHEN P, et al.Zwitterionic osmolyte- based hydrogels with antifreezing property, high conductivity, and stable flexibility at subzero temperature[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2019, 30(7): 1907986.
[43] WEI Y, XIANG L, OU H, et al.MXene-based conductive organohydrogels with long-term environmental stability and multifunctionality[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2020, 30(48): 2005135.
[44] RONG Q, LEI W, CHEN L, et al.Anti-freezing, conductive self-healing organohydrogels with stable strain- sensitivity at subzero temperatures[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2017, 56(45): 14159-14163.
[45] HAN L, LIU K, WANG M, et al.Mussel-inspired adhesive and conductive hydrogel with long-lasting moisture and extreme temperature tolerance[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2018, 28(3): 1704195.
[46] CHEN F, ZHOU D, WANG J, et al.Rational fabrication of anti-freezing, non-drying tough organohydrogels by one-pot solvent displacement[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2018, 57(22): 6568-6571.
[47] YE Y, ZHANG Y, CHEN Y, et al.Cellulose nanofibrils enhanced, strong, stretchable, freezing-tolerant ionic conductive organohydrogel for multi-functional sensors[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2020, 30(35): 2003430.
[48] LOU D, WANG C, HE Z, et al.Robust organohydrogel with flexibility and conductivity across the freezing and boiling temperatures of water[J]. Chemical Communication, 2019, 55(58): 8422-8425.
[49] TANAKA Y, FUKAO K, MIYAMOTO Y.Fracture energy of gels[J]. European Physical Journal E, 2000, 3(4): 395-401.
[50] TANG J, LI J, VLASSAK J J, et al.Fatigue fracture of hydrogels[J]. Extreme Mechanics Letters, 2017, 10: 24-31.
[51] LI Z, LIU Z, NG T Y, et al.The effect of water content on the elastic modulus and fracture energy of hydrogel[J]. Extreme Mechanics Letters, 2020, 35: 100617.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed