复杂地基条件下真空负压桩锚支护深基坑土方开挖稳定性数值模拟

doi:10.13385/j.cnki.vacuum.2026.01.16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 复杂地基包含软弱层、岩溶区域及多变地质结构等复杂状况,该类型地基存在地质结构非均质性、地层变化不确定性以及地下水位过高等问题。桩锚支护作为深基坑开挖的关键技术,其稳定性对工程安全起决定性作用。为确保深基坑土方开挖安全,对复杂地基条件下桩锚支护深基坑土方开挖稳定性进行数值模拟具有重要意义。以某城市商业综合体项目中的深基坑开挖工程为研究案例,在分析深基坑所在地质条件和土层特性的基础上,确定了三道桩锚支护方案以及相应应用参数,结合真空井点降水法,采用真空泵在井点管内形成负压以降低地下水位。通过改进摩尔库仑本构模型的土层参数,明确桩锚支护各结构的单元模拟属性。以十组工况作为边界条件,完成复杂地基条件下的相关数值模拟。结果表明,开挖过程中桩顶水平位移变化速率较快,随工况推进,桩顶水平位移逐渐增加,但稳定后的水平位移处于预警值内;桩锚支护土方开挖方式对周围地层的影响较小,最大沉降位移值也处于预警值之内,具有一定的稳定开挖效果。

关键词: 复杂地基, 桩锚支护施工, 真空井点降水法, 土方开挖, 数值模拟

Abstract: Complex foundation includes conditions such as weak layer, karst area and variable geological structure. This type of foundation has problems such as heterogeneity of geological structure, uncertainty of stratum change and high groundwater level. As the key technology of deep foundation pit excavation, the stability of pile-anchor support plays a decisive role in engineering safety. To ensure the safety of deep foundation pit excavation, it is of great significance to study the numerical simulation method for the stability of deep foundation pit excavation under complex foundation conditions. Taking the deep foundation pit excavation project in a city commercial complex project as a research case, and based on the analysis of the geological conditions and soil characteristics of the deep foundation pit, the three-pile anchor support scheme and the corresponding application parameters are determined. Combined with the vacuum well point dewatering method, the vacuum pump is used to form a negative pressure in the well point tube to reduce the groundwater level. By improving the soil parameters of Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model, the element simulation properties of each structure of pile-anchor support are defined. Taking ten groups of working conditions as the boundary conditions of numerical simulation, the relevant numerical simulation under complex foundation conditions is completed. The results show that the change rate of pile top horizontal displacement is fast during excavation, and the horizontal displacement of pile top gradually increases with the advance of working conditions, but the horizontal displacement after stability is within the warning value. The soil excavation method of pile-anchor support has little influence on the surrounding strata, and the maximum settlement displacement value is also within the warning value, which has a certain stable excavation effect.

Key words: complex foundation, pile anchor support construction, vacuum well point dewatering method, earth excavation, numerical simulation

中图分类号: TU473

胡碧波, 田战飞, 李绍辰, 商恩铭, 王瑶. 复杂地基条件下真空负压桩锚支护深基坑土方开挖稳定性数值模拟[J]. 真空, 2026, 63(1): 103-108.

HU Bibo, TIAN Zhanfei, LI Shaochen, SHANG Enming, WANG Yao. Numerical Simulation of Excavation Stability of Deep Foundation Pit with Vacuum Negative Pressure Pile Anchor Support Under Complex Foundation Conditions[J]. VACUUM, 2026, 63(1): 103-108.

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